Overview of the FCA

History and Establishment:

  • Formation: The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) was established on 1 April 2013, taking over many of the responsibilities of the Financial Services Authority (FSA). The FCA was created as part of the UK's response to the financial crisis of 2008, aiming to improve regulatory oversight and consumer protection in financial services.
  • Purpose: The FCA was designed to provide a more focused approach to conduct regulation, emphasizing the importance of market integrity and consumer protection.

Mission and Objectives:

  • Mission: The FCA's mission is to ensure that financial markets work well for individuals, businesses, and the economy as a whole. This involves safeguarding consumers, ensuring that markets operate with integrity, and promoting competition.
  • Strategic Objectives: The FCA’s strategic objectives are to:
    • Protect consumers by ensuring that products and services meet their needs and that they are provided with appropriate safeguards.
    • Protect and enhance the integrity of the UK’s financial system by regulating firms and markets effectively.
    • Promote competition in the interests of consumers, ensuring that no single firm or group can dominate or distort the market.

Regulatory Approach:

  • Principles-Based Regulation: The FCA uses a principles-based regulatory approach, setting out broad principles that firms must follow rather than prescriptive rules. This allows for flexibility and encourages firms to adopt a culture of compliance.
  • Outcome-Focused: The FCA is focused on achieving specific outcomes for consumers, rather than just ensuring compliance with rules. This involves assessing whether firms are delivering fair outcomes and addressing any issues that may arise.

Structure and Governance:

  • Governance: The FCA is governed by a Board that is responsible for overseeing its activities and ensuring that it meets its objectives. The Board includes both executive and non-executive members.
  • Operational Divisions: The FCA has various operational divisions, including Supervision, Enforcement, and Policy, which work together to implement its regulatory framework and achieve its strategic objectives.